Le Jardin dans un Milieu Urbain : la Ville Concue et Dressee depuis la Fin de XIXe Siecle jusqu'a Nos Jours / The Garden in an Urban Setting : the City Designed and Erected since the End of 19th Century to the Nowadays
Vaiva Deveikiene & Steponas Deveikis
This issue has emerged from the observation that "green spaces" or "greening" in cities are attached to professionals of very great plurality, for example to landscape architects, surveyors-experts, topographers, urban planners, etc. As a geographical and urban space, the garden or the park can be qualified by its form, treatment of its boundary or its legal, cadastral and social situation. From a methodological standpoint, our research is based on an analysis of the work of urban planners and landscape architects Edouard Andr? (1840?1911), Josef St?bben (1845?1936), Ebenezer Howard (1850?1928), Eug?ne H?nard (1849?1923), Jean-Claude Nicolas Forestier (1861?1930), Marcel Zaborski (1884?1980), Le Corbusier (1887?1965), Sir Geoffrey Jellicoe (1900?1996), and also contemporary urban planners. Our hypothesis is that the contemporary period represents a certain continuity of the conceptions of the garden developed in the late nineteenth ? early twentieth century. The garden, the public park is an instrument designed to bring the inhabitants (physically and symbolically, spiritually) closer to the materiality of the landscape and nature. The urban cadastre, the profession of the surveyor play a primordial role in this planning process. We will be particularly interested in following the evolution of the design of the garden or urban park in urban planning from the end of the nineteenth century to the present day.
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